Performance Taper
Performance Taper
What is meant by Spanwise loading/flows on aircraft wings?
I am currently studying induced drag and it explains that for a general wing,
• The chord will vary along the wing (ie taper)
• The wing will be twisted so that there is a variation in geometric angle of attack
• The aerofoil section may alter along the wing (to improve transonic or low speed performance)
and all of these will alter the distribution of spanwise loading.
But it doesn’t explain what is meant by spanwise loading and i have search the internet and my engineering books and nothing comes up.
So I was just wondering if someone could please explain you me what is meant by this term?
Thanks for yours time
Steve
For a virtual wing with no taper, no twist, constant airfoil section and an infinite span, lift will remain constant along the span. Such a wing will have air flowing in straight lines from the leading to the trailing edge.
In reality however, a wing is tapered, twisted and the airfoil varied from root to tip to achieve the highest lift at the root reducing (as steadily as possible) towards the tip. This is necessary to keep the structural loads from the lifting moments from root to tip substantially constant. Remember moment equals force times distance. So as the distance from the root towards the tip increases, the lift must reduce in proportion to keep the moment from folding the wings up. There are also other advantages of a lesser wing drop tendency during stall and lesser chances of entering an unwanted spin etc. This span wise reduction of lift, results in reducing span wise loading.
Also, in reality we cannot have infinite wing span and therefore air from the high pressure region below the wing tries to swirl around the tip to reach the low pressure regions over the wing. This outward flow of air below the wing is least at the root increasing steadily towards the tip. Similarly the inward flow of air above the wing is most at the tip reducing steadily towards the root. The component of air flow in the span wise direction above and below is the span wise flow.
Trust this answers your question
Cheers!
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